< Key Hightlight >

1 INTRODUCTION 23

1.1 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY 23

1.2 MARKET DEFINITION 23

1.3 STUDY SCOPE 24

FIGURE 1 MARKET SEGMENTATION 24

TABLE 1 INCLUSIONS AND EXCLUSIONS 24

1.4 REGIONS COVERED 25

1.5 PERIODIZATION CONSIDERED 25

1.6 CURRENCY CONSIDERED 26

TABLE 2 USD EXCHANGE RATES CONSIDERED, 2017–2021 26

1.7 UNITS CONSIDERED 26

1.8 STAKEHOLDERS 27

1.9 INTRODUCTION TO COVID-19 27

2 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 28

2.1 RESEARCH DATA 28

FIGURE 2 HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET: RESEARCH DESIGN 28

2.1.1 SECONDARY DATA 29

2.1.1.1 Key data from secondary sources 29

2.1.2 PRIMARY DATA 29

2.1.2.1 Key data from primary sources 30

2.1.2.2 Key industry insights 30

2.1.2.3 Breakdown of primary interviews 31

FIGURE 3 BREAKDOWN OF PRIMARY INTERVIEWS, BY COMPANY TYPE, DESIGNATION, AND REGION 31

2.2 MARKET SIZE ESTIMATION 31

FIGURE 4 HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET SIZE ESTIMATION, BY TYPE (SUPPLY-SIDE) 32

FIGURE 5 HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET SIZE ESTIMATION (DEMAND-SIDE) 33

2.2.1 MARKET SIZE ESTIMATION: BOTTOM-UP APPROACH 33

FIGURE 6 HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET SIZE ESTIMATION: BOTTOM-UP APPROACH 34

2.2.2 MARKET SIZE ESTIMATION METHODOLOGY: TOP-DOWN APPROACH 34

FIGURE 7 HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET SIZE ESTIMATION: TOP-DOWN APPROACH 35

2.3 DATA TRIANGULATION 36

FIGURE 8 DATA TRIANGULATION 36

2.4 ASSUMPTIONS FOR THE STUDY 37

2.5 RESEARCH LIMITATIONS & ASSOCIATED RISKS 38

2.6 MARKET SCENARIOS CONSIDERED FOR THE IMPACT OF COVID-19 39

2.6.1 SCENARIO-BASED MODELLING 39

2.7 COVID-19 HEALTH ASSESSMENT 40

FIGURE 9 COVID-19: GLOBAL PROPAGATION 40

FIGURE 10 COVID-19 PROPAGATION: SELECT COUNTRIES 41

2.8 COVID-19 ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT 42

FIGURE 11 REVISED GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT FORECASTS FOR SELECT G20 COUNTRIES IN 2020 42

2.8.1 COVID-19 ECONOMIC IMPACT—SCENARIO ASSESSMENT 43

FIGURE 12 CRITERIA IMPACTING GLOBAL ECONOMY 43

FIGURE 13 SCENARIOS IN TERMS OF RECOVERY OF GLOBAL ECONOMY 44

3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 46

TABLE 3 HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET SNAPSHOT, 2022 VS. 2027 47

FIGURE 14 HUMAN OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY TYPE, 2022 VS. 2027 47

FIGURE 15 HUMAN OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2022 VS. 2027 48

FIGURE 16 HUMAN OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY CONCENTRATION, 2022 VS. 2027 48

FIGURE 17 HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET: REGIONAL SNAPSHOT 49

4 PREMIUM INSIGHTS 50

4.1 ATTRACTIVE OPPORTUNITIES IN THE HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET 50

FIGURE 18 HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES IMPART MEMORY ENHANCEMENT, GUT HEALTH MAINTENANCE, AND BRAIN DEVELOPMENT TO INFANTS 50

4.2 HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY REGION 51

FIGURE 19 ASIA PACIFIC EXPECTED TO DOMINATE THE HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET BY 2027 IN TERMS OF VALUE 51

FIGURE 20 ASIA PACIFIC EXPECTED TO GROW AT THE HIGHEST RATE DURING THE FORECAST PERIOD, BY VOLUME TERMS 51

4.3 HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY TYPE 52

FIGURE 21 2’FL SEGMENT EXPECTED TO ACCOUNT FOR THE LARGEST MARKET SIZE DURING THE FORECAST PERIOD BY VALUE TERMS 52

FIGURE 22 MARKET FOR 2’FL-BASED HMOS EXPECTED TO ACCOUNT FOR THE LARGEST MARKET SIZE BY 2027 IN TERMS OF VOLUME 52

4.4 HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY CONCENTRATION 53

FIGURE 23 NEUTRAL HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES SEGMENT EXPECTED TO ACCOUNT FOR A LARGER SIZE DURING THE FORECAST PERIOD 53

4.5 HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY APPLICATION 53

FIGURE 24 DEMAND FOR HMOS IN INFANT FORMULA APPLICATION EXPECTED TO BE THE HIGHEST DURING THE FORECAST PERIOD 53

4.6 ASIA PACIFIC: HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY TYPE & KEY COUNTRY 54

FIGURE 25 CHINA AND 2’FL MARKET SEGMENTS ACCOUNTED FOR A SIGNIFICANT SHARE IN THE HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET 54

FIGURE 26 CANADA, THE US, MEXICO, AND CHINA EXPECTED TO GROW AT A SIGNIFICANT RATE DURING THE FORECAST PERIOD 55

5 MARKET OVERVIEW 56

5.1 INTRODUCTION 56

5.2 MACROECONOMIC INDICATORS 56

5.2.1 DIGITALIZATION OF THE RETAIL INDUSTRY 56

FIGURE 27 EU: ONLINE PURCHASES OF GOODS & SERVICES, 2018 57

5.2.2 RISE IN THE NUMBER OF DUAL-INCOME HOUSEHOLDS 57

FIGURE 28 US: EMPLOYMENT STATUS OF PARENTS WITH CHILDREN 

UNDER 18 YEARS, 2020 58

5.2.3 RAPID URBANIZATION ACROSS REGIONS 58

FIGURE 29 URBAN AND RURAL POPULATIONS IN THE WORLD, 2016–2020 59

5.3 MARKET DYNAMICS 59

FIGURE 30 MARKET DYNAMICS 59

5.3.1 DRIVERS 60

5.3.1.1 Rise in the infant population 60

FIGURE 31 GROWTH IN INFANT POPULATION, 2010–2020 (THOUSAND) 60

5.3.1.2 Growth in health awareness leading to increased consumption of dietary supplements 60

FIGURE 32 US: DIETARY CONSUMPTION RATE, BY AGE GROUP, 2020 61

5.3.1.3 Extensive R&D initiatives by companies operating in the infant formula market 61

5.3.2 RESTRAINTS 61

5.3.2.1 Higher production costs associated with the development of HMO-composed supplements and food products 61

5.3.2.2 Stringent regulations and trade policies in the infant formula and dietary supplement industries 62

5.3.3 OPPORTUNITIES 62

5.3.3.1 Emergence of alternative animal milk oligosaccharides 62

5.3.3.2 Adoption of advanced technologies in the functional food industry 62

5.3.4 CHALLENGES 63

5.3.4.1 Complex industrial process to extract oligosaccharides from milk 63

5.3.4.2 Lack of consumer awareness regarding benefits associated with HMO-formulated products 63

5.4 KEY CONFERENCES & EVENTS 63

TABLE 4 HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET: DETAILED LIST OF CONFERENCES & EVENTS, 2022–2023 63

5.5 KEY STAKEHOLDERS & BUYING CRITERIA 64

5.5.1 KEY STAKEHOLDERS IN THE BUYING PROCESS 64

TABLE 5 INFLUENCE OF STAKEHOLDERS IN BUYING PROCESS FOR TOP 3 MODES 

OF APPLICATIONS 64

5.5.2 BUYING CRITERIA 65

FIGURE 33 INFLUENCE OF STAKEHOLDERS IN BUYING PROCESS FOR TOP 3 APPLICATIONS 65

TABLE 6 KEY BUYING CRITERIA FOR TOP 3 MODES OF APPLICATION 65

6 INDUSTRY TRENDS 66

6.1 OVERVIEW 66

6.2 REGULATORY FRAMEWORK 66

6.3 NORTH AMERICA 66

6.3.1 CANADA 66

6.3.2 US 66

6.3.3 MEXICO 66

6.4 EUROPEAN UNION (EU) 67

6.5 ASIA PACIFIC 67

6.5.1 JAPAN 67

6.5.2 CHINA 67

6.5.3 INDIA 67

6.5.4 AUSTRALIA & NEW ZEALAND 68

6.6 SOUTH AMERICA 68

6.6.1 BRAZIL 68

6.6.2 ARGENTINA 68

6.7 REST OF THE WORLD (ROW) 69

6.7.1 MIDDLE EAST 69

6.8 REGULATORY BODIES 69

6.9 PATENT ANALYSIS 69

FIGURE 34 HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET: PATENT ANALYSIS, 

BY APPLICANT, 2017–2021 70

FIGURE 35 HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET: PATENT ANALYSIS, 

BY REGION, 2017–2021 70

FIGURE 36 HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET: PATENT ANALYSIS, 

BY LEGAL STATUS, 2017–2021 71

TABLE 7 RECENT PATENTS GRANTED WITH RESPECT TO HMOS 71

6.10 VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS 72

FIGURE 37 VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS 73

6.11 COVID-19 IMPACT ON THE HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET 73

6.12 TREND/DISRUPTION IMPACTING BUYERS IN THE HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET 73

FIGURE 38 REVENUE SHIFT FOR THE HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET 74

6.13 MARKET ECOSYSTEM 74

TABLE 8 HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET: ECOSYSTEM 74

6.14 TECHNOLOGY ANALYSIS 75

6.14.1 HIGH-PERFORMANCE ANION-EXCHANGE CHROMATOGRAPHY FOR 

HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES ANALYSIS 75

6.14.2 CAPILLARY ELECTROPHORESIS FOR HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES ANALYSIS 76

6.15 PORTER’S FIVE FORCES ANALYSIS 76

TABLE 9 PORTER’S FIVE FORCES ANALYSIS 76

6.15.1 INTENSITY OF COMPETITIVE RIVALRY 76

6.15.2 BARGAINING POWER OF SUPPLIERS 77

6.15.3 BARGAINING POWER OF BUYERS 77

6.15.4 THREAT OF SUBSTITUTES 77

6.15.5 THREAT OF NEW ENTRANTS 77

6.16 CASE STUDY ANALYSIS 78

6.16.1 USE CASE 1: LAYER ORIGIN INTRODUCED EASY-TO-USE AND EFFICIENT-TO-HMO PREBIOTIC PILLS AND POWDER FOR ADULTS 78

6.17 PRICE ANALYSIS 78

6.17.1 INTRODUCTION 78

6.17.2 PRICE ANALYSIS: HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, 

BY TYPE, 2017-2021 (USD PER/KG) 79

6.17.3 PRICE ANALYSIS: HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, 

BY REGION, 2017-2021 (USD PER/KG) 79

7 HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY TYPE 80

7.1 INTRODUCTION 81

FIGURE 39 HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY TYPE, 

2022 VS. 2027 (USD MILLION) 81

TABLE 10 HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY TYPE, 2017–2021 (TONS) 81

TABLE 11 HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY TYPE, 2022–2027 (TONS) 82

TABLE 12 HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY TYPE, 

2017–2021 (USD MILLION) 82

TABLE 13 HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY TYPE, 

2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 82

7.1.1 HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET: COVID-19 IMPACT ANALYSIS, BY TYPE 83

TABLE 14 REALISITIC SCENARIO: COVID-19 IMPACT ANALYSIS OF THE HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY TYPE, 2017–2022 (USD MILLION) 83

TABLE 15 OPTIMISTIC SCENARIO: COVID-19 IMPACT ANALYSIS OF THE HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2017–2022 (USD MILLION) 83

TABLE 16 PESSIMISTIC SCENARIO: COVID-19 IMPACT ANALYSIS OF THE HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2017–2022 (USD MILLION) 83

7.2 2’FL 84

7.2.1 AUTHORIZATION OF HMOS BY GOVERNMENT BODIES FOR CONSUMPTION 84

TABLE 17 2’FL: HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY REGION, 

2017–2021 (USD MILLION) 84

TABLE 18 2’FL: HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY REGION, 

2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 85

TABLE 19 2’FL: HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY REGION, 

2017–2021 (TONS) 85

TABLE 20 2’FL: HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY REGION, 

2022–2027 (TONS) 86

7.3 3’FL 86

7.3.1 PREBIOTIC QUALITY OF 3’FL EXPECTED TO PROPEL THE GROWTH OF THE HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET IN THE UPCOMING YEARS 86

TABLE 21 3’FL: HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY REGION, 

2017–2021 (USD MILLION) 86

TABLE 22 3’FL: HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY REGION, 

2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 87

TABLE 23 3’FL: HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY REGION, 

2017–2021 (TONS) 87

TABLE 24 3’FL: HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY REGION, 

2022–2027 (TONS) 88

7.4 3’SL 88

7.4.1 SIGNIFICANCE OF 3’SL IN LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT DURING 

EARLY CHILDHOOD 88

TABLE 25 3’SL: HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY REGION, 

2017–2021 (USD MILLION) 88

TABLE 26 3’SL: HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY REGION, 

2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 89

TABLE 27 3’SL: HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY REGION, 

2017–2021 (TONS) 89

TABLE 28 3’SL: HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY REGION, 

2022–2027 (TONS) 90

7.5 6’SL 90

7.5.1 WIDE USAGE OF HMOS ACROSS INDUSTRIES 90

TABLE 29 6’SL: HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY REGION, 

2017–2021 (USD MILLION) 91

TABLE 30 6’SL: HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY REGION, 

2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 91

TABLE 31 6’SL: HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY REGION, 

2017–2021 (TONS) 91

TABLE 32 6’SL: HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY REGION, 

2022–2027 (TONS) 92

8 HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY APPLICATION 93

8.1 INTRODUCTION 94

FIGURE 40 HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 

2022 VS. 2027 (USD MILLION) 94

TABLE 33 HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 

2017–2021 (USD MILLION) 94

TABLE 34 HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 

2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 95

8.1.1 EXTENSIVE R&D ACTIVITIES BY INFANT FORMULA MANUFACTURERS 95

TABLE 35 INFANT FORMULA: HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY REGION, 2017–2021 (USD MILLION) 96

TABLE 36 INFANT FORMULA: HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY REGION, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 96

8.2 FUNCTIONAL FOOD & BEVERAGES 97

8.2.1 ROLE OF FAST-PACED LIFESTYLE AND GROWING ADOPTION OF CONVENIENCE FOOD PRODUCTS IN THE GROWTH OF FUNCTIONAL 

FOOD & BEVERAGES 97

TABLE 37 FUNCTIONAL FOOD & BEVERAGES: HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY REGION, 2017–2021 (USD MILLION) 97

TABLE 38 FUNCTIONAL FOOD & BEVERAGES: HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY REGION, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 98

8.3 FOOD SUPPLEMENTS 98

8.3.1 GROWING HEALTH AWARENESS AND DEMAND FOR NUTRITION-RICH 

FOOD PRODUCTS 98

TABLE 39 FOOD SUPPLEMENTS: HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, 

BY REGION, 2017–2021 (USD MILLION) 99

TABLE 40 FOOD SUPPLEMENTS: HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, 

BY REGION, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 99

8.4 OTHER APPLICATIONS 100

8.4.1 WIDE USAGE OF HMOS ACROSS INDUSTRIES 100

TABLE 41 OTHER APPLICATIONS: HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, 

BY REGION, 2017–2021 (USD MILLION) 100

TABLE 42 OTHER APPLICATIONS: HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, 

BY REGION, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 100

9 HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY CONCENTRATION 101

9.1 INTRODUCTION 102

FIGURE 41 HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY CONCENTRATION, 

2022 VS. 2027 (USD MILLION) 102

TABLE 43 HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY CONCENTRATION, 

2017–2021 (USD MILLION) 102

TABLE 44 HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY CONCENTRATION, 

2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 102

9.2 NEUTRAL 103

9.2.1 RISING CONSUMER CONCERNS REGARDING GUT HEALTH AND IMMUNITY 

IN INFANTS 103

TABLE 45 NEUTRAL: HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY REGION, 

2017–2021 (USD MILLION) 103

TABLE 46 NEUTRAL: HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY REGION, 

2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 104

9.3 ACIDIC 104

9.3.1 IMITATION OF HUMAN MILK IN PREMIUM INFANT FORMULAS 104

TABLE 47 ACIDIC: HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY REGION, 

2017–2021 (USD MILLION) 105

TABLE 48 ACIDIC: HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY REGION, 

2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 105

10 HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY REGION 106

10.1 INTRODUCTION 107

FIGURE 42 CHINA EXPECTED TO ACCOUNT FOR THE LARGEST SHARE IN THE HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET IN 2022 108

FIGURE 43 HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY REGION, 

2022 VS. 2027 (USD MILLION) 108

TABLE 49 GLOBAL HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY REGION, 

2017–2021 (USD MILLION) 109

TABLE 50 GLOBAL HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY REGION, 

2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 109

TABLE 51 GLOBAL HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY REGION, 

2017–2021 (TONS) 109

TABLE 52 GLOBAL HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY REGION, 

2022–2027 (TONS) 110

TABLE 53 GLOBAL HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY TYPE, 

2017–2021 (USD MILLION) 110

TABLE 54 GLOBAL HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY TYPE, 

2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 110

TABLE 55 GLOBAL HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY TYPE, 

2017–2021 (TONS) 111

TABLE 56 GLOBAL HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY TYPE, 

2022–2027 (TONS) 111

TABLE 57 GLOBAL HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2017–2021 (USD MILLION) 111

TABLE 58 GLOBAL HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 112

TABLE 59 GLOBAL HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY CONCENTRATION, 2017–2021(USD MILLION) 112

TABLE 60 GLOBAL HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY CONCENTRATION, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 112

10.2 HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET: COVID-19 IMPACT ANALYSIS - BY REGION 113

TABLE 61 REALISITIC SCENARIO: COVID-19 IMPACT ANALYSIS OF THE HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY REGION, 2017–2022 (USD MILLION) 113

TABLE 62 OPTIMISTIC SCENARIO: COVID-19 IMPACT ANALYSIS OF THE HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY REGION, 2017–2022 (USD MILLION) 113

TABLE 63 PESSIMISTIC SCENARIO: COVID-19 IMPACT ANALYSIS OF THE HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY REGION, 2017–2022 (USD MILLION) 113

10.3 NORTH AMERICA 114

FIGURE 44 NORTH AMERICA: HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET SNAPSHOT, 2022 115

TABLE 64 NORTH AMERICA: HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2017–2021 (USD MILLION) 115

TABLE 65 NORTH AMERICA: HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 116

TABLE 66 NORTH AMERICA: HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY TYPE, 2017–2021 (USD MILLION) 116

TABLE 67 NORTH AMERICA: HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY TYPE, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 116

TABLE 68 NORTH AMERICA: HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY TYPE, 2017–2021 (TONS) 117

TABLE 69 NORTH AMERICA: HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY TYPE, 2022–2027 (TONS) 117

TABLE 70 NORTH AMERICA: HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, 

BY APPLICATION, 2017–2021 (USD MILLION) 117

TABLE 71 NORTH AMERICA: HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, 

BY APPLICATION, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 118

TABLE 72 NORTH AMERICA: HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, 

BY CONCENTRATION, 2017–2021 (USD MILLION) 118

TABLE 73 NORTH AMERICA: HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, 

BY CONCENTRATION, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 118

10.3.1 US 119

10.3.1.1 Increased demand from end-user companies, such as Nestlé S.A. (Switzerland) and Danone S.A. (France) 119

TABLE 74 US: HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY TYPE, 

2017–2021 (USD MILLION) 119

TABLE 75 US: HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY TYPE, 

2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 119

10.3.2 CANADA 120

10.3.2.1 Cronobacter Sakazakii or Salmonella Newport infection among infants hindering the Canadian human milk oligosaccharides market 120

TABLE 76 CANADA: HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY TYPE, 

2017–2021 (USD MILLION) 120

TABLE 77 CANADA: HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY TYPE, 

2022–2027 (USD MILLION) 120

10.3.3 MEXICO 121

10.3.3.1 Rise in per capita expenditure on nutritious and healthy foods estimated to boost the market 121

TABLE 78 MEXICO: HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY TYPE, 

2017–2021 (USD MILLION) 121

TABLE 79 MEXICO: HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES MARKET, BY TYPE,&nb